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DiamondMax Plus10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB AT A-1

Appendix A

BREAKING THE 137 GIGABYTE STORAGE

BARRIER

This appendix provides information about the 137GB storage barrier. It

discusses the history, cause and the solution to overcome this barrier.

A.1 Breaking the 137 Gigabyte Storage Barrier

Capacity barriers have been a fact of the personal computer world since

its beginnings in the early 1980’s. At least 10 different capacity barriers

have occurred in the storage industry over the last 15 years. The most

notable barriers seen previously have been at 528 megabytes and then at

8.4 gigabytes.

The ANSI NCITS T13 Technical Committee (also known as the ANSI ATA

committee) has broken this barrier by incorporating a proposal from

Maxtor into the ATA/ATAPI-6 draft standard that defines a method for

48-bit addressing on a single drive, giving more than 144 petabytes

(144,000 gigabytes) of storage.

In addition, the proposal from Maxtor that was incorporated into ATA/

ATAPI-6 defines a method for extending the maximum amount of data

that can be transferred per command for ATA devices from 256 sectors

(about 131 kilobytes) to 65,536 sectors (about 33 megabytes). This new

method is particularly useful for applications that use extremely large

files, such as those for A/V or multimedia.

The following sections will describe issues surrounding the 137-gigabyte

barrier and the solution for breaking it.

A.1.1 History

Many of the “barriers” in the past resulted from BIOS and operating

system issues caused by failure to anticipate the remarkable increases in

device storage capacity by the people who designed hard disk structures,

access routines, and operating systems many years ago. They thought,

“Who will ever have xxx much storage?” In some cases, the barriers were

caused by hardware or software bugs not found until hard disks had

grown in size beyond a certain point where the bugs would occur.

Past barriers often frustrated people trying to add a new hard disk to an

older system when they discovered that not all of the designed capacity

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Maxtor DiamondMax16 160 Manuel Page 10